rotate pdf pages of bitmap scan pdfs any degrees

 #!/bin/bash
# usage: pdfrotate.sh <angle> <file.pdf>
# Rotates all pages of a PDF using pdftk (for 90° increments) or Ghostscript otherwise.
angle=$1
file=$2
if [ -z "$angle" ] || [ -z "$file" ]; then
    echo "Usage: $0 <angle> <file.pdf>"
    exit 1
fi
base="${file%.pdf}"
out="${base}_rotated_${angle}.pdf"
# Round angle if needed
norm_angle=$((angle % 360))
# Handle pdftk for standard rotations
if [[ "$norm_angle" == "90" || "$norm_angle" == "180" || "$norm_angle" == "270" || "$norm_angle" == "0" ]]; then
    case $norm_angle in
        0)   dir="north" ;;   # no rotation
        90)  dir="right" ;;
        180) dir="down" ;;
        270) dir="left" ;;
    esac
    echo "Rotating with pdftk ($norm_angle°)..."
    pdftk "$file" cat 1-end${dir} output "$out"
else
    # Use Ghostscript for non-90° angles
    echo "Rotating with Ghostscript ($angle°)..."
    gs -o "$out" -sDEVICE=pdfwrite -dAutoRotatePages=/None \
       -c "<< /Orientation 0 /Rotate $angle >> setpagedevice" \
       -f "$file"
fi
if [ $? -eq 0 ]; then
    echo "Done. Output: $out"
else
    echo "Error: rotation failed." >&2
fi

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